The Kaithal district of Haryana was established on 1st November, 1989. The district is located in the north western part of the state. With the total area of 2,389 square kilometers and a population of 8,20,000, the district has its headquarter at Kaithal town.
Agriculture is the major occupation in the Kaithal District. The main crops grown in the district are rice and wheat. Among many of the tourist attractions, the tomb of Razia Sultana is one of the best.
Basically myths say that King Yudhistra established Kaithal during Mahabharta era. The history of Kaithal word is also found in Ancient History. All Historians believe that name of Kaithal is derived from Kapisthala. Kapisthala means the place of Moneys. A great number of Moneys were found here. According to Purana the hero of ‘Wanar Sena’ lord Hanuman was also born in Kaithal. The great ‘Tilla of Anjani’ is also situated here which is named after his mother Anjani.
The famous Chinese Pilgrim Hunstang and Fiahan visited Kaithal alongwith Kurukshetra. The Splendour of Kaithal was on its top during the reign of Hursha. In Ancient Times the Gujjars, Chandela, Khillgis, Tuglakas, Bloochs and Ajgans ruled over India. The people have a significant struggling role during the reign of Pathanas and Mughals. The famous Maugal intruder Changej Khan came to India but many Maugals resided in India instead of going back. During the time many Sayaids made their houses in Kaithal and soon became the centre of Mushlim scholars and councilors.
The local people assassinated Rajia Begam, the daughter of Ellutmus along with her husband. Ikhayarudin on 13 Nov. 1240. The Tomb of Rajia Sultana is still found in Kaithal. But due to the ignorance of people it has come to ruins. The Sultan of Khillaji Dynsty, Badsaha Ullaudin ruled over Kaithal before coming to Sultan of Delhi. In 1938 Nadir Shah ruled over Kaithal after the battle of Panipat since 1756 to 1761 as the king of Afgan. Still there is a village Patti Afgan situated on Gulha-Cheeka Road.
The Sikh rulers known as Bhai ruled over Kaithal from 1763 B.C. to 1843 B.C. Bhai Gubhaks Singh founded his empire. His successor Bhai Desa Singh founded this empire by snatching it from the clutches of Afgans. His son Bhai Lal Singh surrendered before British and accepted their supremacy. His eldest son Partap Singh became the ruler after his death in 1818 B.C. In 1818 his brother Bhai Udey Singh took over the throne. He ruled till 1843 without failure. The monuments of buildings built by him are still found here and the letter by written by him
in Pharsi are still safe in museum in Patiala. The splendour of kaithal was on the top during his reign. Famous poet Bhai Santokh singh was the poet in his court. His famous work included Nanak Prakash, Atam Puran, and Guru partap Suraj. He wrote at least one lac Salokas during his lifetime which still exists. He also translated Balmiki Ramayana and created Great Kirti (Guru Partap Suraj).