Buldhana is a district in the Amravati division of Maharashtra state in western India at the westernmost border of Vidarbha region and is 500 km from the state capital, Mumbai.
The district consists of five subdivisions and thirteen blocks.The district Head Quarters is at Buldhana. The distances of the other major towns from Buldhana is Aurangabad ( 180 KM ), Pune ( 425 KM ), Amravati ( 200 KM ), Nagpur ( 350 KM ).
The district is mainly covered in Survey of India topographic Sheet No. 55D/8 partly in 46P and 56 A & lies between 19°51' to 21°17' North latitude and 75°57' to 76°49' East Longitude.
This district is a major tourist attraction owing to the ancient Lonar crater (second largest in the world), declared a world heritage. Shegaon of Gajanan Maharaj Sailanibaba's Dargah are the major places of pilgrimage. Sindakhedraja in this district is renowned to be birthplace of Rajmata Jeejabai.
The district has major industrial areas at Khamgoan and Malkapur and has mini industrial areas at Chikhli, Buldhana, Dasarkhed, Deoulgaonraja, Mehkar, Sangrampur and Lonar.
As per 2001 Census the Total population is 22,32,480, sex ratio is 946 and literacy is 76.14%.
It is believed that Buldhana district, along with the rest of the erstwhile Berar province, was part of the legendary kingdom of Vidarbha that finds mention in the Mahabharata. This district also constituted a part of the Mauryan Empire during the reign of Ashoka(272 to 231 BCE). The province of Berar later came under the regulation of the Satavahana dynasty (2nd century BCE-2nd century CE), the Vakataka dynasty (3rd to 6th centuries), the Chalukya dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), the Rashtrakuta dynasty (8th to 10th centuries), and the Chalukyas again (10th to 12th centuries), and finally the dynasty of the Yadavas of Devagiri (late 12th to early 14th centuries). A period of Muslim rule began in the district when Ala ud din Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, occupied the area in the early 14th century. The district was part of the Bahmani Sultanate, which became separate from the Delhi Sultanate in the middle of the 14th century. At the end of the 15th century, the Bahmani Sultanate broke up into smaller sultanates, and in 1572 Buldhana district along with the rest of Berar became part of the Nizam Shahi sultanate, based at Ahmednagar. The Nizam Shahis surrendered Berar to the Mughal dynasty in 1595. As Mughal rule began to proliferate at the start of the 18th century, Asaf Jah I, the Nizam of Hyderabad took possession of the southern provinces of the empire (including Berar) in 1724, forming an independent state. In 1853, the Buldhana district together with the rest of Berar came under the administration of the British East India Company. Berar was divided into East and West Berar with Buldhana district being included in West Berar.